Abstract
The road transport sector, particularly public transport, generates significant greenhouse
gas emissions due to the excessive use of petroleum-based fuels. The use of alternative
fuels with lower environmental impacts is therefore a major challenge to move towards a
more sustainable public transport sector. In this context, the current study presents an
environmental life cycle assessment of alternative buses, including hybrid (dieselelectricity), electric, and fuel cell buses at a city level in Oujda, Morocco. This study is
perfromed according to three main outputs: total energy use by fuel type, GHG emissions,
and criteria air pollutants. It is concluded that electric and fuel cell buses represent efficient
and sustainable alternatives to public transport during the operational phase and their
deployment in Oujda city can potentially offer significant environmental savings in terms
of GHG emissions and air pollutants during both the WTT and TTW phases.
Keywords
life cycle assessment (LCA)
City buses
Air pollutant emissions
Alternative fuels
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